Physics MCQs 2nd year
2nd Year Physics Notes
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Physics MCQs 2nd year
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Five Year Papers
1. The temperature at which centigrade scale is equal to 0° is __________.
(-32°, -40°, 100°, -273°)
2. The average K.E of a molecule of a perfect gas is __________.
(1/3KT, 3/2KT, 2/3KT)
3. The internal energy in an isothermal process __________.
(Decreases, Increases, becomes zero)
4. The electric intensity at any point between two oppositely charged plain sheets is __________.
(s/3ÃŽo, s/ÃŽo, s/2ÃŽo, 2s/ÃŽo)
5. __________ of the two charged particles of the same mass will be deflected most in a magnetic field.
(Fast Moving, Slow moving)
6. To increase the accuracy of a potentiometer __________ should be used.
(A uniform wire of a large length should be used, A uniform wire of a small length, Non-uniform wire)
7. Einstein’s Theory of Relativity states that the speed of light in vacuum is __________.
(Independent of the motion of the source and the observer, affected by
either drift, dependent on the motion of the source and the observer)
8. If a substance contracts on freezing the increase of pressure __________ the freezing point.
(Increases, Decreases, Does not Change)
9. A thermoflask contains hot tea. It is shaken rapidly, if the tea is
considered as the system then its temperature will __________.
(Remains the same, Rise, Fall)
10. If the temperature of the cold body is decreased the efficiency of a carnot engine __________.
(Decreases, Increases, Remains constant)
11. The electric potential is zero __________.
(Inside a conductor, Midway between any two charges of the opposite signs, Midway between two equal charges of the sme sign)
12. When an electron moves in a magnetic field ‘B’ with velocity ‘V’ the force acting on it is perpendicular to __________
(V but not to B, both V and B, B but not V)
13. If an electron and proton enter into a magnetic field with the same
velocity, the electron shall experience a/an __________ force than the
proton.
(Greater, Lesser, Equal)
14. The wavelength of a material particle of mass m moving with the velocity v is given by:
(l = hn/m, l= h/mv, l = m/hn)
15. A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the containing vessel because __________.
(It possesses momentum, the gas molecules collide with each other, the gas has finite volume)
16. The magnitude of an electric field does not depend upon __________.
(The distance from the charged particle, nature of the charges causing
the field, the magnitude of the charges causing the field)
17. Two parallel beams of electrons moving in the same direction will __________.
(Repel each other, Attract each other, Neither attract nor repel each other.
18. To increase the accuracy in a potentiometer circuit __________ should be used.
(A wire of a small length, A wire of a large length, A non uniform wire)
19.When fast moving electrons are stopped by a metal of high atomic weight the phenomenon gives rise to __________.
(X-rays, b-rays, g-rays)
20. The pressure and volume formula of a gas undergoing and an Adiabatic Change is __________.
(PV =constant, PrV = constant, (PV)r= constant, PVr = constant)
21. A free electron in an electric field __________.
(remains stationary, moves from the higher potential to the lower
potential, moves from the lower potential to the higher potential)
22. An electron and a proton with the same momentum enter perpendicularly into a uniform magnetic field __________.
(Both particles will deflect equally, the proton will deflect more than
the electron, the electron will deflect less than the proton)
23. Einstein’s photoelectric equation is written as __________.
(1/2 mv2max = hn + fo, hn = fo.- 1/2 mv2max, hn = 1/2 mv2max + fo, None of these)
24. Force between two similar point charges separated by a distance ‘r’
is FN. If the distance is doubled, force becomes __________.
(FN, 2FN, 4FN, FN/4)
25. Mean translational kinetic energy per molecule of an ideal gas is given by __________.
(3KT, 2/3KT, 3/2KT)
26. Process in which there is no heat exchange is called __________ Process.
(Isothermal, Isochoric , Adiabatic, Isobaric)
27. Spectral series obtained due to transition of electron from higher to 3rd orbit is called __________.
(Lyman Series, Balmer Series, Brackett Series, Paschen Series)
28. A battery of e.m.f volts has internal resistance r ohm, current I is
drawn from it its terminal voltage V will be __________.
(V = E – Ir, V = E/r, V = Ir, V = E/I)
29. Electric intensity of a given charge at any point is __________ distance from charge.
(Directly proportional to, Inversely proportional to square of, Directly
proportional to square of, Inversely proportional to square of )
30. Two resistors of 2W and 3W are connected in series with a battery of
10 volts. Potential difference across 2W resistor will be __________.
(5 volt, 4 volt, 6 volt, 10 volts)
31. A slab of certain dielectric is placed between two oppositely charge plates. The intensity between plates __________.
(Decreases, Increases, Remains constant)
32. Force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field is given by
the equation F = qvbsinq. Quantities mutually perpendicular are
__________.
(V and B, F and v, F and B, None)
Chapter 1
Heat
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1. The energy that flows from a high temperature object to a low temperature object is called __________.
(Heat, Sound Electricity, Solar Energy)
2. Hotness or coldness of an object is expressed in tems of a quantity called __________.
(Heat, Temperature, Kelvin, None of these)
3. The SI unit of heat is __________.
(Calorie, Joule, Electron Volt, None of these)
4. The energy expended when a force of one Newton moves an object one
metre in the direction in which the force is applied is called
__________.
(Calorie, Joule, kwh, Electron Volt)
5. 1J=__________.
(1Nm, 1kgms2, 1kgm-2,1kgm2s-1)
6. 1J = __________.
(kgms, 1 kgms2, 1kgm2s-2, 1kgm2s-1)
7. The average kinetic energy of the molecules of the object is called its __________.
(Heat, Temperature, Hotness, Coldness)
8. __________ is a device used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of the object.
(Thermometer, Barometer, Hypsometer, None of these)
9. Generally thermometers make use of the fact that most of the liquids __________ on heating.
(Compress, Expand, Evaporate, Sublimize)
10. On Celsius scale boiling point of water is taken as __________.
(0°C, 100°C, 180°C, None of these)
11. On Celsius scale freezing point of water is taken as __________.
(0°C, 100°C, 180°, None of these)
12. 1°C = __________.
{5/9 (°F – 32), 5/9 (°F + 32), 5/9 (°F – 273), 5/9 (°F + 273)}
13. 1°F = __________.
{5/9 (°C – 32), 5/9 (°F + 32), 9/5 (°C + 32), None of these}
14. K = __________.
(273 + °C, 273 - °C, 273 + °F, 273 - °F)
15. 1 cal = __________.
(11.184J, 2.184J, 3.184J, 4.184J)
16. __________ proposed that matter and energy are equivalent.
(Newton, Einstein, Maxwell, All the these)
17. The equation representing the interconversion of matter and energy is written as __________.
(E = mc, E = mc2, E = mc3, All of these)
18. Conversion of one gram of matter to energy yields __________ joules of energy.
(9 x 1013J, 9 x 1012J, 9 x 1011J, 9 x 1010J)
19. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 2.0 x 108kg of water from 0°C to 100°C is equal to __________.
(9 x 1013J, 9 x 1012J, 9 x 1011J, 9 x 1010J)
20. During the combustion of 3 x 106 kg of coal __________ of matter is converted into energy.
(1g, 1kg, 1mg, None of these)
21. The temperature at which the gases if they remain in gaseous state
exert zero pressure and have zero volume is called __________.
(1°C, 1°F, 1K, Absolute Zero)
22. The sum total of all the energy of all the molecules of atoms in an object is known as __________.
(Temperature, Entropy, Internal Energy, None of these)
23. Once the heat is transferred to an object, it is converted into the __________.
(Entropy of the object, Internal energy of the object, Temperature of the object, None of these)
24. “Temperature remaining constant the volume of given mass of a gas is
inversely proportional to the pressure applied on it.” It is called
__________.
(General Gas Law, Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law, None of these)
25. “At constant pressure the volume of a gas is proportional to the absolute temperature.” It is called __________.
((General Gas Law, Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law, None of these)
Chapter 12
Electrostatics
1. Matter is composed of three fundamental particles. They are __________.
(a. Electrons, Protons, Neutrons b. Electrons, Cathode rays, masons c. Electrons, neutrons, masons)
2. __________ is a negatively charged particle and is found around the nucleus of an atom.
(Electron, Proton, Neutron, None of these)
3. __________ is a positively charged particle and is found in the nucleus of an atom.
(Electron, Proton, Neutron, None of these)
4. __________ is a neutral particle and is found in the nucleus of an atom.
(Electron, Proton, Neutron, None of these)
5. When one or more than one electrons are removed from an atom it becomes __________.
(Neutral particle, Negatively charged particle, positively charged particle, none of these)
6. All material objects are composed of __________.
((Electron, Proton, Neutron, atoms)
7. Atom is a __________.
(Charged particle, Negatively charged particle, Positively charged particle, None of these)
8. If electrons are added in an atom it becomes __________.
(Neutral particle, Negatively charged particle, positively charged particle, none of these)
9. Those material objects which do not allow the charge or electric current to pass through them are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semi-conductors, none of these)
10. Those material objects which allow charge or electric current to pass through them are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semi-conductors, none of these)
11. Like charges __________.
(Attract each other, Repel Each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of these)
12. Unlike charges __________.
(Attract each other, Repel Each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of these)
13. If the physical size of a charge particle is very small, compared to
the separation distance between them, it is called __________.
(Zero charge, Point charge, Positive charge, Negative charge)
14. “The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges
is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges
and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.”
It is called __________.
(Faraday’s law, Coulomb’s Law, Newton’s Law, Guass’s law)
15. ÃŽo is called __________.
(Acceleration due to gravity, Gravitational constant, Spring constant, Permitivity of free space)
16. If the quantity of charge on each of the two bodies is doubled, the force between them becomes __________.
(Twice, Four times, Nine times, Sixteen times)
17. __________ is a vector quantity.
(Electric field, Electric Field Intensity, Electric charge, Electric current)
18. In SI units electric field intensity is measured in __________.
(Ns, N/C, N/J, N/m)
19. The concepts of electric field lines was introduced by a famous scientist __________
(Newton, Faraday, Einstein, Coulomb)
20. The electric field lines, always start from a __________.
(Positive charge, Negative charge, Point charge, None of these)
21. The electric field lines, always end at a __________.
(Positive charge, Negative charge, Point charge, None of these)
22. The tangent to the field line at any point gives the direction of the __________.
(electric field intensity at that point, electric field at that point,
Electrostatic force at that point, Electrostatic force at that point,
None of these)
23. The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to
certain point, keeping the unit charge is equilibrium is called
__________.
(Potential energy, Potential gradient, Electric potential, Electric field intensity)
24. In SI units electric potential is measured in __________.
(Coulombs, Amperes, Volts, N/C2)
Chapter 13
Current Electricity
1. The net charge flowing across the sectional area per unit time is known as __________.
(Electric Current, Ampere, Electric flow, none of these)
2. The direction of electric current is that in which __________.
(Negative charge will drift, Positive charge will drift, Both positive and negative charge will drift, None of these)
3. Mathematically Electric current I in a conductor is defined by the relation __________.
(I = Qt, Q = I/t, I = Q/t, None of these)
4. The SI unit of current is __________.
(Ampere, Coulomb, volt, None of these)
5. 1A = __________.
(1C/s, 1C/s2, 1J/s, 1N/s)
6. “In a electrical circuit, the potential difference across a conductor
is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided
the temperature of the conductor remains the same.” This is called
__________.
(Ohm’s Law, Coulomb’s Law, Guass’s Law, None of these)
7. Mathematically Ohm’s Law is written as __________.
(V = IR V = I/R, V = Qt, None of the above)
8. Measure of the opposition to the flow the free electron is known as __________.
(Current, Resistance, Conductance, Capacitance)
9. The SI unit of electrical resistance is __________.
(Ampere, Volt, Farad, Ohm)
10. If the potential difference of 1 volt is applied across the end of a
conductor and the resulting current flowing through the conductor is
one ampere then the resistance of the conductor is said to be
__________.
(1ohm, 1ampere, 1farad, 1volt)
11. 1W (ohm) = __________.
(1VA, 1V/A, 1C/A, 1J/A2)
12. It is experimentally observed that in general the resistance R of a given wire increases with increase in __________.
(Temperature, Cross-section area of a wire, Length of a wire, none of these)
13. It is experimentally observed that in general the resistance R of a given wire decreases with increase in __________.
(Temperature, Cross-section Area, Length of a wire, None of the above)
14. The change in resistivity per unit original resistivity (or
resistance) per degree change in temperature is called __________.
(Resistance, Conductance, Temperature coefficient of resistivity, All of these)
15. The resistivity of a class of elements of some critical temperature
T, falls to zero. The materials showing such property are called
__________.
(Semi-conductors, Super-conductors, Insulators, Conductors)
16. The device which can maintain a potential difference between two points to which they are attached are known as __________.
(Dry cell, sources of power, sources of electromotive force, sources of heat dissipated)
17. The unit of electromotive force is __________.
(Volt, Ampere, watt, Joule)
18. Batteries or cells convert __________.
(Heat energy into electrical energy, nuclear energy into electrical
energy, kinetic energy into electrical energy, chemical energy into
electrical energy)
19. Electrical generators convert __________.
(chemical energy into electrical energy, kinetic energy into electrical
energy, mechanical energy into electrical energy, light energy into
electrical energy)
20. Thermocouples convert __________.
(chemical energy into electrical energy, heat energy into electrical
energy, mechanical energy into electrical energy, light energy into
electrical energy)
21. Photo voltaic cell converts __________.
(chemical energy into electrical energy, heat energy into electrical
energy, mechanical energy into electrical energy, light energy into
electrical energy)
22. In practice, the sources of emf always have __________.
(Zero resistance, unit resistance, some resistance, infinite resistance)
23. The emf of a source is equal to the potential difference across the
terminals of the source when either its internal resistance is
__________.
(Zero, Infinite, Zero or infinite, None of these)
24. The electromotive force is written as __________.
(E = W/q, E = Wq, E = Q/I, None of these)
Chapter 14
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
1. Magnetism derives its name from __________, a region in Asia Minor
(Modern Turkey) where it was found in for form of certain iron core.
(Magnesia, Magnesium, Electromagnetism, None of these)
2. __________ is not a magnetic material.
(Iron, Nicker, Cobalt, silver)
3. A body that attracts small pieces of iron and points towards
north-south direction when suspended freely, is called a __________.
(Magnet, Conductor, Magnetism, None of these)
4. Like poles of two magnets __________.
(Attract, Repel, Neither attract nor repel, None of these)
5. Unlike poles of two magnets __________.
Attract, Repel, Neither attract nor repel, None of these)
6. The magnetism of the magnet is concentrated in the __________.
(North pole, South pole, North and South pole, At the middle)
7. If a magnet is broken into two pieces, then __________.
(Two magnets are obtained, Noth pole is obtained, South pole is obtained, One north pole and one south pole is obtained)
8. The space surrounding a magnet in which its magnetic effect is felt is called __________.
(North pole, south pole, Middle Point, Magnetic Field)
9. The intensity of the magnetic field near its poles is __________.
(Zero, Maximum, Minimum, None of these)
10. If the magnetic field is uniform, then the magnetic lines of forces are __________.
(Curved, Parallel, Perpendicular, None of these)
11. The magnetic field is represented with __________.
(Magnetic lines of forces, Magnetic induction, North pole, South pole)
12. The path along which an isolated north ple of a magnet moves in the magnetic field is called __________.
(Magnetic field, Magnetic field lines, North pole, South pole)
13. Two magnetic lines of force __________.
(can intersect each other, do not intersect each other, can repel each other, can attract each other)
14. __________ behave like a stretched rubber string which tends to contract longitudinally and expand laterally.
(Magnets, Magnetic Force, Electric Lines of force, Magnetic lines of force)
15. The magnetic lines of force pass through __________, as compared to air.
(Water, Iron, Rubber, None of the above)
16. A substance which behaves like a magnet in the presence of a strong field is called __________.
(Magnets, Ferromagnets, Electromagnets, None of these)
17. A magnet can be demagnetized by __________.
(Heating, By dropping it several time, breaking into two pieces, both heating and by dropping it several time)
18. The field magnet around a moving charge is called __________.
(Electric Field, Magnetic Field, Gravitational Field, None of the above)
19. The direction of magnetic lines of force is given by the __________.
(head to tail rule, right hand rule, left hand rule, none of these)
20. __________ was the first to note the presence of magnetic force in a wire in which currents are flowing.
(Newton, Ampere, Oersted, None of these)
21. If two wires in which currents are flowing in the same direction are
placed parallel and close to each other then they will __________.
(Repel each other, Attract each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of the above)
22. If two wires in which currents are flowing in the opposite direction
are placed parallel and close to each other then they will __________.
(Repel each other, Attract each other, Neither attract nor repel each other, None of the above)
23. The charge moving parallel to the magnetic field ‘B’ with a certain velocity ‘v’ experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum Force, None of these)
24. The charge moving perpendicular to the magnetic field ‘B’ with a certain velocity ‘v’ experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum Force, None of these)
25. The magnetic force Fm acting on charge ‘q’ when it moves with a
velocity ‘v’ through a magnetic field ‘B’ is given by __________.
(Fm = qv x B, Fm = qv2 x B, Fm = qE, None of these)
26. The magnitude of a magnetic force ‘F’ acting on charge ‘q’ when it
moves with a velocity ‘v’ through a magnetic field ‘B’ is given by
__________.
(F = qvBsinq, F = qv2Bsinq, vBsinq, None of these)
27. In a magnetic field the charge at rest experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum force, None of these)
28. The charge, which moves along a line parallel to the direction of magnetic lines of force, experiences __________.
(No force, Maximum force, Minimum force, None of these)
29. Maximum force is experienced by a charged particle when it moves __________.
(Parallel to magnetic field, with zero velocity, none of these)
30. The SI unit of magnetic induction B is __________.
(Volt, watt, farad, tesla)
31. When an alternating accelerating field is applied to a charge it produces __________.
(Sound waves, Electromagnetic waves, X-rays, Gamma rays)
32. The wave which require no medium for the propagation are known as __________.
(Sound waves, Mechanical waves, Electromagnetic waves, None of these)
33. An electromagnetic wave electric and magnetic fields are __________.
(Parallel to each other, Perpendicular to each other,Opposite to each other, None of these)
34. The velocity of electromagnetic waves depend upon __________.
(Magnetic permeability, Electricpermitivity, Both magnetic permeability and electric permitivity, None of these)
35. Substances having electrical resistivity intermediate between conductors and insulators are called __________.
(Superconductors, Semiconductors, n-type conductors, p-type conductors)
36. In Semiconductors __________ are responsible for electrical conduction.
(Protons, Electrons, Holes, Electrons, holes)
37. When a pentavalent material like As, is added to tetravelent material i.e. Ge we get a __________.
(n-type material, p-type material, Semiconductors, None of these)
38. In n-type materials __________.
(Holes are majority carriers, Electrons are majority carriers, Electrons are minority carriers, None of these)
39. When a trivalent material like Indium or Galium is added to Ge, we get a __________.
(n-type material, p-type material, semiconductor, None of these)
40. In p-type materials __________.
(Holes are majority carriers, Electrons are majority carriers, Electrons are minority carriers, None of these)
41. Velocity of light is __________.
(3 x 108 m/s, 3 x 106 m/s, 3 x 10 cm/s, None of these)
42. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the I.C circuit of aerial of a transmitting station are of __________.
(Zero amplitude, Unit amplitude, Constant amplitude, Variable amplitude)
43. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the I.C circuit of aerial of a
transmitting station have frequency of the range __________.
(102Hz, 104Hz, 106Hz, 108Hz)
44. A crystal diode is used for rectification of __________.
(AC current, DC current, Electromagnetic waves, None of the above)
45. A geometric shape of a solid obtained by regular, repetitive,
three-dimensional arrangements of its molecules, atoms or ions is called
a __________.
(Crystal, Lattice, Crystal plane, None of these)
46. Two substances having the same crystal structure are called __________.
(Isomorphous Substance, Allotropic substances, True substances, Polymorphous substances)
47. The substance, which exists in two or more crystal forms under different condiion is called __________.
(Isomorphous Substance, Allotropic substances, True substances, Polymorphous substances)
48. A regular, repetitive, three-dimensional pattern of points, which
represent the position of molecules, atoms or ions in the crystal, is
called __________.
(Unit cell, Space lattice, crystal, true substance)
49. The smallest portion of a crystal lattice that if repeated in
three-dimensions will generate the entire lattice is called __________.
(Unit cell, Lattice plane, crystal, none of these)
50. When a crystal is subjected to stress, it tends to break or fracture
along definite direction which is characteristic of a sample. This is
called __________.
(Cleavage, Allotropy, Anisotropy, Homeogeneity)
51. The property due to which the size or shape of a lattice is not important is called __________.
(Cleavage, Anisotropy, Homogeneity, None of these)
52. In a crystal the density of atoms or molecules does not vary from direction to direction. This is known as __________.
(Cleavage, Anisotropy, Homogeneity, None of these)
53. If one atom or molecule lies out each of the eight corners of a cube, it is called __________.
(simple cube, face centred cube, body centred cube, none of these)
54. __________ is a cubic pattern having one extra atom or molecule at the centre of each of the six faces of the cube.
(simple cube, face centred cube, body centred cube, none of these)
55. __________ is a pattern which has got one more atom at the centre of a simple cube.
(simple cube, face centred cube, body centred cube, none of these)
56. The electrons, which can wander in the solid, are known as __________.
(Valence electron, free electron, loosely bound electrons, none of these)
57. __________ of the following theories could not explain completely
the behaviour of conductors, insulators, and semiconductors.
(energy band theory, free electron theory, valence electron theory, none of these)
58. The electrons in a solid crystal are supposed to have different
energy levels which can be found by the solution of __________.
(Maxwell’s equation, Schrodinger’s wave equation, Gas equation, none of these)
59. The solution of Schrodinger’s wave equation shows that the electrons can exist in some ranges of energy called __________.
(Permissible energy levels, energy bands, conduction band, forbidden energy levels)
60. The permissible energy levels taken in gourps are called __________.
(Permissible energy leves, energy bands, conduction bands, forbidden energy levels)
61. The materials in which valence band and conduction band overlaps are called __________.
(Insulators, Conductors, Semiconductors, Superconductors)
62. The material in which the highest occupied energy level is completely filled is called __________.
(Insulator, conductor, semiconductor, superconductor)
63. The material in which the gap between the filled energy band and
next higher permitted energy band is small, is called __________.
(Insulator, Conductor, semiconductor, superconductor)
64. The substances with resistivity of order of 10-4 ohm-metre are called __________.
(Insulators, semiconductors, conductors, good conductors)
65. The substances with resistivity of the order of 10-8 ohm-metre are called __________.
(Insulators, semiconductors, conductors, good conductors)
66. At temperature near absolute zero, a pure semiconductor behaves like __________.
(an insulator, a conductor, a superconductor, none of these)
67. A junction between p-type material and n-type material is called as __________.
(diode, rectifier, transistor, amplifier)
68. The semi-conductor diode has the property of __________.
(one way conduction, two way conduction, zero conduction, none of these)
69. A diode can be used as __________.
(oscillator, rectifier, transistor, amplifier)
70. If p-type material of the pn-junction is connected with positive
terminal of the battery and n-type material with negative terminal of
the battery, it is said to be __________.
(forward biased, reversed biased, zero biased, none of these)
71. If p-type material of the pn-junction is connected with negative
terminal of the battery and n-type material with positive terminal of
the battery, it is said to be __________.
(forward biased, reversed biased, zero biased, none of these)
72. A device, which converts an alternating current to a direct current, is called __________.
(Oscillator, rectifier, amplifier, p-type material)
73. A thin layer of one type of semiconductor material sandwiched
between two relatively thick pieces of other type is termed as
__________.
(Diode, rectifier, transistor, oscillator)
74. A transistor consists of __________.
(one pn-junction, two pn-junctions, three pn-junctions, None of these)
75. For normal transistor operation, E-B junction is always __________.
(reversed biased, forward biased, zero biased, All of these)
76. A transistor can be used as __________.
(diode, rectifier, amplifier, all of these)
77. The transistor is also used as __________.
(diode, switching device, rectifier, p-type material)
78. If we use two diodes and a centre tapped transformer, we will get __________.
(half wave rectification, full wave rectification, AC current, all of these)
79. A forward biased p-n semiconductor diode is called __________.
(L.E.D, Photodiode, Photovoltaic cell, transistor)
80. __________ is generally a reversed biased p-n junction in which
light is allowed to fall on the p-layer through a window provided for
this purpose.
(L.E.D, photodiode, photovoltaic cell, transistor)
81. Transistors has replaced __________.
(diodes, vacuum tubes, rectifiers, photovoltaic cell)
Chapter 15
Atomic Spectra
1. The radiation emitted from hydrogen filled discharge tube, when
viewed by dispersing devices such as prism, gratings etc, shows
__________.
(A line spectrum, Continuous spectrum, Linear spectrum, all of these)
2. When an electron jumps from higher to lower orbit, then __________.
(Energy is absorbed, Energy is emitted, neither absorbed nor emitted, none of these)
3. When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into first orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
4. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into second orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
5. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into third orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
6. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into fourth orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Bracket Series, Paschen Series)
7. When an electron in hydrogen atom jumps from higher orbit into fifth orbit. The set of lines emitted is called __________.
(Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Pfund Series, Paschen Series)
8. __________ of the following series in the spectrum of the hydrogen
lies in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
(Paschen Series, Balmer Series, Lyman Series, Brackett sEries)
9. __________ of the following is not a fundamental postulate of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom.
(The classical theory does not apply in the case of tiny particles such
as electrons, The electron in a stable orbitdoes not radiate energy, The
electron can move in all possible orbits, An atom radiates energy only
when an electron jumps from an allowed orbit of higher energy En to one
of the lower energ Ep)
10. __________ of the following is not a fundamental postulate of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom.
(The total energy of the electron in one of it allowed orbit remains
constant as long as it remains in the same orbit, An electron can not
revolve in an arbitrary orbit. Only those orbits are possible for which
the angular momentum of the electron about the nucleus is an integral
multiple of h/2p, The electron can move in all possible orbits, An atom
radiates energy only when an electron jumps from an allowed orbit of
higher energy En to one of the lower energy Ep)
11. According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, an electron can revolve around a proton indefinitely if its path is __________.
(a perfect circle of any radius, a circle of constantly decreasing radius, a circle of an allowed radius, an ellipse)
12. In a hydrogen atom the radius of the electron orbit is governed by Bohr’s quantum rule which states that __________.
(the linear momentum of the electron is quantised, the angular momentum
of the electron is quantised, the linear velocity of the electron is
quantised, the angular velocity of the electron is quantised)
13. According to Bohr’s theory of the hydrogen atom, the total energy of
the hydrogen atom with its electron revolving in the nth stationary
orbit is __________.
(proportional to n, proportional to n2, inversely proportional to n, inversely proportional to n2)
14. The energy of the electron of hydrogen orbiting in a stationary orbit of radius rn is proportional to __________.
(rn, 1/rn, rn2, 1/rn2)
15. When an electron jumps from the nth (higher orbit) orbit to the pth
orbit (lower orbit), the difference of energy is given by the equation
__________.
(h¦ = En – Ep, h¦ = En + Ep, h¦ = E, h¦ = Lp)
16. The frequency ¦ of electromagnetic radiation is given by the equation __________.
(¦ = lc, ¦ = 1/l, ¦ = c/l, None of these)
17. The transitions of inner- shell electrons in heavy atoms give rise to __________.
18. X-rays are a part of electromagnetic spectrum and are characterized by frequencies higher than those of __________.
(visible radiation, infrared radiation, ultra violet radiations, none of these)
19. Production of continuous X-rays is due to the __________.
(Acceleration of incident electrons by the nucleus of the target atom,
electron transitions between inner-shells of the target atom, electron
transitions between outer shells of the target atom, annihilation of the
mass of incident electrons)
20. X-rays are __________.
(Positively charged particles, Negatively charged particles, Neutral particles, None of these)
21. The study of the spectrum of characteristic X-rays helps us to __________.
(Measure the energy of the incident electrons, measure the wavelength of
the incident electrons, measure the energy of the emitted x-rays,
identify the element of which the target is made)
22. The maximum frequency limit of the continuous x-rays spectrum depends upon __________.
(the atomic number of the atoms of the target, the kinetic energy of the
incident electrons, the maximum frequency limit of the characteristic
x-rays spectrum, the degree of vacuum in the x-ray tube)
23. The device that produces an intense, monochromatic and coherent beam
of light based on stimulated emission of photons from atoms, is called
__________.
(Laser, x-ray tube, discharge tube, cyclotron)
24. An interesting application of laser is the production of three-dimensional images called __________.
(Polygons, Holograms, Ovals, None of these)
25. In solid lasers, a fluorescent crystal, such as that of __________ is used as light amplifying substance.
(Ruby, Glass, semiconductor, all of these)
26. The liquid lasers usually make use of a dye dissolved in __________ as a light amplifying substance.
(Benzene, Citric acid, methanol, alcohol)
27. The laser device used to fragment gallstones and kidney stones is called __________.
(Laser beam, Laser scanner, laser lithotropter, ruby laser)
28. When fast moving electrons strike a metal target inside a partially evacuated tube, then __________ are produced.
(cathode rays are produced, cosmic rays are produced, x-rays are produced, alpha rays are produced)
29. Product of x-rays is a reverse phenomenon of __________.
(Photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Pair production, Annihilation of matter)
30. __________ is a wrong statement in the following.
(x-rays are not refracted as they pass from one medium to another, like
visible light, x-rays are diffracted at an obstacle, x-rays can cause
ionization of the atoms of a liquid, x-rays are deflected by electric
and magnetic fields)
31. x-rays were discovered by __________.
(Madam Curie, Rontgen, Coolidge, Laue)
32. X-rays are produced when an element of high atomic weight is bombarded by high energy __________.
(Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, Photons)
33. __________ of the following parameters of the emitted x-rays
increases when the potential difference between the electrodes of an
x-ray tube is increased.
(Intensity, Frequency, Wavelength, Speed)
Chapter 16
The Nuclear Physics
1. Atom consists of __________.
(Electrons, Protons, Neutrons, All of these)
2. Atom as a whole __________.
(Positively charged particle, negatively charged particle, neutral particle, none of these)
3. __________ discovered electron.
(R.A. Milikan, J.J. Thomson, Crooks, Einstein)
4. Based on the concepts of modern physics, atoms of the known elements
possesses a structure consisting of a central core of the tom called
__________.
(proton, nucleons, nucleus, radius)
5. Rutherfords experiment on the scattering of alpha particles by thin foils establishes the existence of __________.
(a negatively charged nucleus, a positively charged nucleus, neutrons in the nucleus, even distribution of charge in the atom)
6. Nucleus contains __________.
(electrons and protons, protons and neutrons, electrons and neutrons)
7. Neutron was discovered by __________.
(Crooks, J.J Thomson, Chadwick, none of these)
8. The total number of nucleons in the nucleus is called __________.
(Atomic number, Mass number, Mole, Gram mole)
9. The total number of electron around the nucleus or total number of protons in the nucleus is called __________.
(Atomic number, Mass number, Avogadro’s number, Gram mole)
10. Nuclei of different elements are identified by their __________.
(Atomic number, Mass number, Avogadro’s number, Gram mole)
11. F.W Aston developed on instrument, which uses electric and magnetic
fields to sort out atoms according to their masses. This instrument is
called __________.
(Cyclotron, Betatron, Mass Spectrometer, Barometer)
12. Nuclei of the same element having the same Z but different values of N are called __________.
(Isotopes, Isobars, Isomers, Allotropes)
13. Nuclei of different elements with the same number A are called __________.
(Isotopes, Isobars, Isomers, Allotropes)
14. Hydrogen has __________.
(One isotope, two isotopes, three isotopes, four isotopes)
15. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H1 is called __________.
(Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
16. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H2 is called __________.
(Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
17. The nucleus of hydrogen with symbol 1H3 is called __________.
(Proton, Deutron, Triton, all of these)
18. The process of separation of 92U235 from natural uranium is called __________.
(Enrichment, Separation, Annhilation, Fusion)
19. Nuclear forces are __________.
(short range forces, long range forces, independent of distances, none of these)
20. The amount of energy required to break the nucleus into its constituent particles is called __________.
(Mass defecit, binding energy, ionization energy, ionization potential)
21. The emission of rays from the nucleus is called __________.
(Annhilation of matter, Disintegration of atoms, Radioactivity, Fission)
22. Atomic number with atomic number Z>82 are __________.
(stable, unstable, small, none of these)
23. __________ is not a radioactive element.
(Polonium, Radium, Uranium, Hydrogen)
24. Radioactive elements emit __________.
(a-rays, b-rays, g-rays, all of these)
25. The mass of each a-particle is nearly __________.
(twice times the mass of hydrogen atom, three times the mass of hydrogen
atom, four times the mass of hydrogen atom, five times the mass of
hydrogen atom)
26. a-particle is __________.
(Positively charge, negatively charge, neutral, None of these)
27. Charge on each a-particle is equal to __________.
(the Charge on proton, twice the charge on proton, three times the charge on proton, four times the charge on proton)
28. __________ of the following particles has very high ionization capability.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
29. __________ of the following particles has very low penetration power.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
30. __________ of the following particle can induce artificial rdioactivity in certain nuclei.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
31. X-rays are found to be in __________.
(electromagnetic waves, electrons, fastly moving helium nucleus, fastly moving neutron)
32. __________ of the following particles consists of fast moving electrons.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
33. __________ of the following particles has less kinetic energy.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
34. __________ of the following particles move with velocity of light.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
35. X-Rays are __________.
(Positively charged, negatively charged, neutral, none of these)
36. __________ rays or particles are not deflected by electric and magnetic field.
(a-particle, b-particle, g-particle, all of these)
37. When g-rays are bombarded on metals, they emit __________.
(Protons from the metal surface, neutrons from the metal surface, electrons from the metal surface, all of these)
38. The penetrating power of g-rays is about hundred times larger than that of __________.
(Photons, a-rays, b-rays, electrons)
39. g-rays are electromagnetic radiations similar to __________.
(radiowaves, photons, x-rays, b-rays)
40. Unstable isotopes are called __________.
(Isobars, isomers, radioactive isotopes, none of these)
41. Isotopes differ only in the number of __________.
(electrons, protons, neutrons, none of these)
42. When a nucleus wmits an alpha radiation/particles its atomic number drops by __________.
(1, 2, 3, 4)
43. When a nucleus emits an alpha radiation/particles its nucleon number drops by __________.
(1, 2, 3, 4)
44. When an element emits b-particles, its mass numbers A __________.
(increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains same, becomes zero)
45. When an element X emits gamma-rays, its atomic number Z __________.
(Increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains same, none of these)
46. When an element X emits gamma rays, its mass number A __________.
(increases by 1, decreases by 1, remains sme, none of these)
47. Out of the following __________ is not emitted by a radioactive substance.
(electrons, electromagnetic radiations, helium nuclei with a charge equal to that of two protons, neutrons)
48. The time required for the element to decay to one half of its original number is called __________.
(Transmutation, half-life, nuclear decay, none of these)
49. It has been observed that, on the average, the actual number of atoms which decay at any instant is __________.
(inversely proportional to the number of atoms present, directly
proportional to the number of atoms present, inversely proportional to
the square of the total number of atoms present, inversly proportional
to the square root of the total number of atoms present)
50. The half life of a radioactive substance is 10days. This means that __________.
(the substance completely disintegates in 20 days, the substance
completely disintegrates in 40days, 1/8 part of the mass of the
substance will be left intact at the end of 40 days, 7/8 part of the
mass of the substance disintegrates in 30 days)
51. The half-life of a radioactive substance depends upon __________.
(its temperature, the external pressure on it, the mass of the
substance, the strength of the nuclear force between the nucleons of its
atoms)
52. __________ of the following conservation laws must be obeyed in a nuclear reaction.
(the conservation of electric charge, the conservation of energy and
mass, the conservation of linear momentum, the conservation angular
momentum, all of these)
53. __________ of the following particles is considered as an ideal projectile for induced nuclear reactions.
(Electrons, Proton, neutron, g-particle)
54. When mass m is converted into energy it release energy equal to __________.
(mc2, mc3, m2c, mc)
55. The splitting of nuclei of a substance into two or more fragments, with emission of energy, its called __________.
(Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion, a-decay, None of these)
56. The process in which two smaller nuclei combine to corm a big nucleus with release of energy is called __________.
(Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion, a-decay, none of the above)
57. In a fission reaction each nucleus emits about __________.
(one to two neutrons, two to three neutrons, one to two electrons, two to three electrons)
58. __________ give more energy.
(Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Burning of Coal, None of these)
59. The sun which is largest source of heat energy gets its energy by the process of __________.
(Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Chain reaction, all of these)
60. Atomic bomb is based on the principle of __________.
(Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Chain Reaction, None of these)
61. Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of __________.
(Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Chain Reaction, None of these)
62. A device which is used to extract nuclear energy with easier means
and with out any harm to environment and human beings and utilize the
energy for fruitful purposes in everyday life and work is __________.
(Cyclotron, Nuclear Reactor, Hydrogen bomb, Betatron)
63. Graphite and heavy water are two common moderators used in a nuclear reactor. The function of the moderator is __________.
(to slow down the neutrons to thermal energies, to absorb the neutrons
nad stop the chain reaction, to cool the reactor, to control the energy
released in the reactor)
64. Cadmium rods are used in nuclear reactor for __________.
(slowing down fast neutrons, speeding up slow neutrons, absorbing neutrons, regulating the power level of the reactor)
65. In Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor we use __________.
(water as coolant, Sodium metal as coolant, graphite as coolant, none of these)
66. __________ nuclear radiation detector is based on the principles
“that supersaturated vapours condense more readily on ions or dust
particles”.
(Wilson Cloud chamber, Geiger counter, Solid state detector, none of these)
67. the Solid-State Detector is basically __________.
(a forward biased pn-junction, a reversed biased pn-junction, a forward biased transistor, a photocell)
Chapter 17
Advent of Modern Physics
1. Modern physics consists of __________.
(Newtonian Mechanics, Einstein’s special theory of relativity,
Schrodinger’s wave mechanics, Einstein’s special theory of relativity
and Quantum mechanics)
2. The most fundamental to classical physics is/are __________.
(Maxwell’s equations, Schrodinger’s wave equation, Law of newtonian mechanics, Special theory of relativity)
3. __________ believed in absolute time.
(Einstein, Maxwell, Galileo, Galileo and Newton)
4. A set of coordinate axes with respect to which measurements are made is called __________.
(frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frame of reference, none of these)
5. Every motion is __________.
(relative, absolute, zero, none of these)
6. A frame of reference in which Newton’s laws of motion are valid is called __________.
(Cartesian frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frames of reference, absolute frame of reference)
7. A frame of reference in which Newton’s laws of motion are not valid is called __________.
(Cartesian frame of reference, inertial frame of reference, non-inertial frames of reference, absolute frame of reference)
8. __________ of the Newtonian laws don not hold in an accelerated frame of reference.
(Newton’s first and second law of motion, Newton’s scond and third law
of motion, third law of motion, Newton’s first law of motion and law of
Gravitation)
9. __________ of the following statements is not correct.
(the law of physics are the same in all inertial frames, the speed of
light in free space has the same value in all inertial frames, two
events which occur simultaneously in one reference frame also must
appear to occur simultaneous in another reference frame, Einstein
rejected Newton’s idea of absolute time)
10. The simple assumption that all possible reference frames moving with
uniform velocity relative to one another are equivalent for the
statement of laws of physics is called the __________.
(Principle of Relativity, Uncertainity Principle, Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, None of these)
11. Special theory of relativity states that __________.
(All laws of physics are the same in every inertial reference frame,
Every motion is relative, Light has dual nature, Energy and mas are
interconvertable)
12. Special theory of relativity states that __________.
(Time is absolute, The speed of light in a vacuumm, measured in all
inertial reference frames always has the same value of c, no matter how
fast the source of light and the observer are moving relative to each
other, space is absolute, at rest mas of an object is always zero)
13. A body of some material capable of absorbing all heat radiation
incident on it and can emit in turn all the radiation at constant
temperature after it is in equilibrium with it is called __________.
(Black body, Black body radiation, Black body cavity, Cavity radiation)
14. Rayleigh Jeans theory is incomplete disagreement with the experimental curve of black body radiation __________.
(In the region of short wavelength, in the region of long wavelength,
both in the region of short and long wavelength, none of these)
15. Wein’s theory is complete disagreement with the experimental curve of black body radiation __________.
(In the region of short wavelength, in the region of long wavelength,
both in the region of short and long wavelength, none of these)
16. In 1900, __________ proposed a formula which explained I detail the
whole shape of the black body spectrum for all wavelengths.
(Wein, Rayleigh, Einstein, Maxwell Plank)
17. __________ proposed quantum theory of radiation.
(Wein, Einstein, Plank, Newton)
18. __________ theory explains that energy exchange takes place in discrete “bundles” or “quanta”.
(Special theory of Relativity, Quantum Theory, Corpuscular Theory, Bohr’s Theory)
19. Mathematically Quantum theory is states as __________.
(E = mc2, E = hf, v = nl, none of these)
20. Light consists of particle wave called __________.
(Proton, Electron, Neutron, Photon)
21. The rest mass of photon is __________.
(One, Zero, Infinite, None of these)
22. In 1905, __________ proposed that the packets or bundles of energy are integral part of all electromagnetic radiations.
(Plank, Einstein, Newton, Wein)
23. The process of ejection of loosely bound electrons from a metallic
surface by the absorption of photons is called __________.
(Pair production, Compton Effect, Photoelectric effect, Uncertainity Principle)
24. The photoelectric effect establishes that __________.
(Light travels in the form of inertial of quanta of energy, Light
travels in the form of transverse waves, light travels in the form of
longitudinal waves, light is a transverse electromagnetic wave)
25. The photoelectric emission from the surface of a metal starts only
when the light incident on the surface has a certain __________.
(minimum frequency, minimum wavelength, minimum intensity, minimum speed)
26. At frequencies of the incident radiation above the threshold
frequency, the photoelectric current in a photoelectric cell increases
with the increase in __________.
(intensity of incident radiation, wavelength of incident radiation,
frequency of incident radiation, speed of incident emitted from a metal
surface)
27. The photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface __________.
(are all at rest, have the same kinetic energy, have the same momentum,
have speeds varying from zero up to a certain maximum value)
28. For each material emission occurs only for certain definite frequency fo of light called __________.
(1 Hertz, Critical frequency, threshold frequency, minimum frequency)
29. Amount of energy in a photon depends on the __________.
(rest mass, frequency, momentum, wavelength)
30. The minimum energy of an electron that must have in order to escape from the metal surface is called __________.
(Stopping potential, work function, threshold frequency, wavelength)
31. Photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electromagnetic waves exhibit __________.
(wave nature, particle nature, both wave and particle nature, none of these)
32. In Compton effect __________.
(The scattered photon has frequency less than that of the incident
photon, the scattered photon has frequency greater than that of the
incident photon, the scattered photon has frequency equal to the
incident photon, none of these)
33. On moving from one place to another electromagnetic radiation behaves as __________.
(particles, waves, both particles and waves, none of these)
34. Electromagnetic radiation when interact with material particle, behaves as __________.
(particles, waves, both particles and waves, none of these)
35. When we try to stop a very high photon it loses its identify and
disintegration into an electron and a positron. This is called
__________.
(Pair production, Annihilation, X-rays production, Compton effect)
36. A process reverse to the pair production is known as __________.
(Photoelectric effect, Annihilation, X-rays production, Compton Effect)
37. When an electron and a positron combine together in such a way that
both of them disappear and their combined mass reappear as two gamma ray
photons. This is called __________.
(Photoelectric effect, Annihilation, X-rays production, Compton effect)
38. “The product of the uncertainties in momentum (Dp) and position)Dx)
of particle at some instant is approximately fo the order of Plank’s
constant h”. This is called __________.
(Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle, Photoelectric effect, Compton effect)
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2nd Year Physics Notes